The pelvic
girdle is formed two innominate ( hip ) bones. The pelvis is the term given to
the basin-shaped structure formed by the pelvic girdle and it's associated
sacrum.
Hip (
innominate ) Bone
Consist
three bone
1) ilium 2)
ischium 3) pubis
On its
lateral surface is a deep depression , the acetabulum , which forms the hip
joint with the almost spherical head of femur .
The illium
upper flattened part and it present the iliac crest , the anterior curve of
which is called the anterior superior iliac spine .
The ilium
forms a synovial joint with the sacrum , the sacroiliac joint , a strong joint
of absorbing the stresses of weight bearing and which tends to become fibrosed
in later life .
Pubis is
the anterior part of the bone and it articulates with the pubis of the other
hip bone a cartilaginous joint , the symphysis pubis .
The ischium
is the inferior , and posterior part
The rough
inferior projection of the ischia the ischial tuberosities , bear the weight of
body when seated .
Lower limb
Femur
(Thigh) Bone
Longest and
heaviest bone .
The head is
almost spherical and fits into the acetabulum of the hip bone .
Lower third
forms a flat triangular area called the popliteal surface
Distal
extremity has two condyles later and medial
Weight :
femur > knee > foot .
Tibia (Shin)
bone
Proximal
extremity 2 broad and flat and present two condyles .
Fibula
articulates with the lateral condyle forming the proximal tibio-fibular joint
Distal
extremity of the tibia forms the ankle joint with the talus and the fibula .
The media
malleolus is a downward projection of bone media to the ankle joint .
Fibula
Head or
upper extremity articulates with the lateral condyle or the tibia forming the
proximal tibiofibular joint
This helps
to stabilise the ankle joint
Patella (
knee cap)
Triangular
shaped sesamoid bone
Posterior
surface articulates with patellar surface of the femur in the knee joint and it
anterior surface is in the patellar tendon the tendon of the quadriceps femoris
muscle
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